Table of Contents
Endocrine system
Endocrine system is made up of glands, the endocrine gland works to secrete hormones. It is a ductless gland from which it releases hormones directly into the bloodstream. Endocrine system produces hormones (chemical messenger) that act on the target tissue and organs, where they influence growth and metabolism. These glands do not have any duct also they do not secrete their secretion on any surface, it secretes its secretion in the blood. You should always remember that hormones are secreted by endocrine glands, they do not have any duct.
If we talk about hormones, hormones are chemical released in blood in trace, they are non-nutrients and they affect the functioning of distant cell by binding on receptors. Now we are going to read about all the glands of the endocrine system.
Glands of endocrine system
1. Hypothalamus gland
Hypothalamus is a small gland that is found in our brain, it produces nervous hormones, due to which it controls most of the endocrine glands. It is important in endocrine system and it is controlled by brain.
2. Pituitary gland
Pituitary gland is the very important in Endocrine system. This gland is present in our brain; it is also called the base of the brain. The pituitary gland weighs about 0.6g. This gland is the smallest gland, the smallest gland is the pineal gland but it is not given in the exam. The pituitary gland controls almost the entire body; hence it is also called the master gland but it does not control the parathyroid gland. Basically, four types of hormones are released from the pituitary gland.
TSH(Thyroxine stimulated hormone), Whenever there is a deficiency of thyroxine hormone in the body, TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine hormone.
STH(Somatotrophic hormone), It controls the growth of the body. The person in which the amount of STH is released more, the person is very tall and the person in which the amount of STH is released less, the person becomes dwarf.
LTH(Luteotropic hormone), This hormone helps in the formation of milk in the body, it is also called prolactin hormone. It is important in endocrine system because it secretes milk inside the woman.
Vasopressin, This hormone controls the concentration of the urine. If it is more in the body then urine becomes thick and if it is less in the body then the urine in the body becomes very dilute due to which water also gets removed from our body.
3. Pineal gland
This gland is also present in our brain. Two types of hormones are secreted by this, melatonin and serotonin. Melatonin hormone makes our complexion slightly dark at night and serotonin hormone helps in sleeping. In young children, the pineal gland is very active, due to which young children fall asleep easily. As we age, the pineal gland stops working.
4. Thyroid gland
This gland is present in our neck, it is the largest endocrine gland, for your information, let me tell you that the largest gland is the liver but the largest endocrine gland is the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland controls blood pressure because thyroid gland produces thyroxine hormone. Thyroxine hormone is made up of tyrosine and iodine. If a person gets goiter disease, then you should understand that his thyroid gland is affected.
5. Para-thyroid gland
This gland is located behind the thyroid gland; it is a gland over which there is no control of the pituitary gland. The para-thyroxine hormone is secreted by the para-thyroid gland, which controls the amount of calcium and phosphorus in our body.
6. Thymus gland
This gland is present in the chest; the thymus gland releases proteins and lymphocytes inside our body. Protein helps our body to grow and lymphocytes protect our body from disease. The life span of the thymus gland is from birth to 15 years, after which it stops working, due to which you must have seen that young children do not get sick sooner than old people.
7. Adrenal gland
This gland is present in the upper side of the kidney, its technical name is 4S/3F. Adrenaline hormone is secreted by the adrenal gland, this hormone is released at the time of emergency, like if we ever see a fight or see an accident. When adrenaline hormones are released, the blood pressure rises rapidly.
8. Gonad gland
The gonad gland is also called the genital gland. Reproductive hormone is secreted from this gland. Reproductive hormone is made up of steroids.
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