Important notes of DNA and RNA, How DNA & RNA works, In easy language(1)

DNA and RNA

Mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum and nucleus are found inside a cell. Chromosomes are found inside the nucleus and DNA is found inside chromosomes. The number of chromosomes is different in different organisms such as the number of chromosomes in humans is 46 and the number of chromosomes in bacteria is 1. DNA is found inside chromosomes. DNA is the main component of chromosomes. DNA is the basic information carry of the cell. The model of DNA was given by Watson & Crick. DNA and RNA.

You can also say that DNA is made up of genes, there are four types of nucleotides found inside DNA, which are adenine, guanine, cytosine and thiamine. Adenine and thymine attach to each other through a double bond, and guanine and cytosine attach to each other via a triple bond. If thymine is removed from the nitrogen base of DNA and added to uracil, it is converted into RNA. Similarly, removing uracil from RNA and adding thiamine will convert it into DNA.

Often all these questions are asked in the exam that which element is found in DNA, then you should know that phosphorus element is found in DNA and nitrogen base in the form of base and hydrogen bond in the form of bond is found in DNA. DNA and RNA

DNA & RNA

RNA plays an important role in protein synthesis in our body. Basically, the formation of proteins occurs through ribosomes. Protein synthesis means the formation of proteins. A protein is made by mixing 20 amino acids together and protein helps our body to grow. 10 amino acids are already present in our body and 10 amino acids are needed which are also called essential amino acids, which go into our body through food then protein is formed. The formation of proteins is an anabolism process. DNA and RNA

There are three types of RNA which are m-RNA, t-RNA and r-RNA. So let us now understand this, 10 amino acids are already present in our body and 10 amino acids are required which is also called essential amino acid which goes to our body through food, so m-RNA Identifies the essential amino acids in our body. m-RNA identifies the main essential amino acids in the body and gives information to t-RNA, then t-RNA works to transport it in the body. The main function of t-RNA is to transport amino acids. R-RNA, it is found in ribosome in cytoplasm. The function of r-RNA is binding of m-RNA and t-RNA to ribosome in the cytoplasm. DNA and RNA.

Transcription, Replication, Translation

When thymine is removed from DNA and converted into RNA by adding uracil, this process is called transcription. In the process of transcription, DNA is converted into RNA. Similarly, when uracil is removed from RNA and converted into DNA by adding thymine, that process is called reverse transcription. If understood in simple language, then the process of making DNA from RNA is called reverse transcription. When DNA is converted into DNA itself, this process is called replication. And when RNA forms proteins through protein synthesis, then that process is called translation. DNA and RNA